http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/handle/123456789/91 Faculty of Social Sciences 2026-09-13T14:19:33Z http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1314 Title: THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES (UNHCR) AND CHALLENGES OF EFFECTIVE HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE IN NORTHEAST Authors: Nwosu, Chiedozie P.; Okafor, Frank-Collins N. Abstract: In recent times, the globe has witnessed unimaginable humanitarian crisis. People have been forced to flee their homes in the most unusual circumstances, massive displacements and food insecurity have taken centre stage and all these have affected humanity adversely. The African continent is not left out in all of this as it has also been plagued by several humanitarian crisis from the horn of Africa, down to Sub-Saharan Africa. In all, Northeast Nigeria has been devastated by the activities of Boko Haram insurgents since 2009, leading to a seemingly intractable humanitarian catastrophe in the region. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees stepped in 2014 to render humanitarian assistance and services to communities in this troubled zone. The study employed the Complex Humanitarian Emergencies (CHEs) theory as an analytical framework. Methodologically, the descriptive research design was used and data was gotten through primary and secondary sources. The primary sources of data were sourced using Key Informant Interviews, where structured questions were purposively administered to key officials of the UNHCR and International Committee of the Red Cross. Secondary data were gotten from documentary sources as journal articles, books, internet blogs, etc. and analysed using content analysis. The study uncovered the fact that UNHCR’s humanitarian response in Nigeria’s north-east has not yielded the desired results as the agency is currently bedeviled with so much challenges, ranging from insecurity of UNHCR staff, lack of access by the agency to remote areas, to funding shortfall and a host of others. It recommends, among others, the need for inter-agency collaboration, adequate protection of the agency’s staff and proper funding of the agency’s activities in the area. Description: Scholarly Article 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1313 Title: Community Policing And Grassroots Security Initiatives For Sustainable Development Authors: Okeke, Anthonia Chidiebele; Ikezue, Clement Emeka Abstract: The primary duties of the Nigeria police force are detection and prevention of crime, apprehension of offenders, preservation of law and order and protection of lives and property. It appears that this formal security agency is lacking in discharging of these duties effectively and efficiently. Consequently, community policing and grassroots security initiatives have emerged in response to the seemingly failure and limitations of the Nigeria police force and other law enforcement agencies to provide adequate security for citizens and maintenance of order in communities. This is a theoretical paper which utilized secondary sources such as journals, international organization reports, and news articles, books, and others to examine the roles of community policing and grassroots security initiatives in providing security and sustainable development in different communities in Nigeria. The broken window and structural-functionalist theories provided theoretical framework for this paper. It was shown in this paper that community policing and grassroots security initiatives are pertinent for enhancing public safety, protecting human rights, and fostering sustainable community development. The paper concluded that Police-Public partnership and collaborations will be of immense help in addressing the challenges faced by formal security agencies in carrying out their basic functions. The paper recommends that community policing and grassroots security initiatives should be encouraged, adequately funded, and provided with sophisticated equipment, logistics and modern technology to enhance their effectiveness in fighting crimes, providing security and contributions towards sustainable development. Description: Scholarly work 2025-11-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1312 Title: The Past, Present and Future of Kidnapping in Nigeria; a Historical Analysis Authors: Ikezue, Clement Emeka Abstract: Kidnapping is a violent crime which has caused severe security breaches in the human society. It has been in existence since time immemorial. Nobody is spared of being a victim. It has transcended class boundaries. It appears to be a flourishing enterprise undertaken by the criminally minded persons in the country. No region in Nigeria is immune to the crime. Unfortunately, it seems the security agencies in the country are already overwhelmed. This paper attempts to interrogate the phenomenon from a historical perspective. This is done by comparing the occurrences of kidnapping in the pre-colonial and post-colonial Nigerian society. The factors responsible for kidnapping in the epochs were taken into account. Furthermore, consequences of kidnapping were also investigated. The study adopted the social exchange theory as its theoretical base. It is in the opinion of this paper that kidnapping in the past was a precursor to the kidnapping incidences in our contemporary era and will continue to occur in the future owing largely to contradictions in human society. Some of these contradictions include greed, debased values system, traditional practices and other social structural factors in the society. The paper recommended among others that traditional/religious practices which do not uphold the sanctity of human life should be abrogated; value reorientation and strengthening of institutional capacity to control and prevent the crime from taking place. Description: Scholarly work 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.unizik.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1311 Title: Interrogating the Prevalence, Determinants and Consequences of Suicide among Youths in Nigeria Authors: Nwachukwu, Rejoice Chizoba; Ikezue, Clement Emeka Abstract: Suicide is a social problem that has been in existence in human history for a very long time. It appears that every civilization in human history witnessed its fair share of people who for one reason or the other were unwilling to continue to stay alive. In the contemporary era, the prevalence of suicide is not only disturbing but appears to be only way out for the persons involved. This paper therefore interrogated the prevalence of suicide in our contemporary era among youths in Nigeria. The paper also examined the determinants of suicide, the consequences of suicide and offered remedial measures for mitigating the phenomenon in our contemporary Nigerian society. This is a theoretical paper which is anchored on the General Strain Theory by Robert Agnew (1992) and the Classical Theory of Suicide by Emile Durkheim (1897). It was found that Nigeria ranked 72nd in the world as at 2019 in global suicide deaths documentations with 18,608 suicide deaths recorded per year. Determinants of suicide were found to include personal risk factors like financial constraints, family history of suicide, loss of loved ones, mental illness, physical illness, substance abuse, depression and so on. The consequences of suicide were found to include economic hardship on the bereaved when the victim is the breadwinner, stigmatization and psychological/emotional trauma. The paper recommended among others that parents should learn to befriend their children; they should learn to study them, understand their moods and their body language and give the necessary support to them. Description: Scholarly work 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z